PORTUGAL HISTORY AND EVENTS - MOOR PERIOD

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4th Period - Initial Moor Period
(8th Century to 9th Century)

8th C.

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711 Islamic Umayyad Moors led by Tarif-ibn-Molluk invade the Peninsular in the region of Gibraltar with 12.000 troops (Emirate Period 711-756)
711 Umayyad Moors defeat Visigoths at Guadelete (Emirate Period 711-756) - Visigoth King Roberic is believed killed in the battle
712 Moor army led by Musa ibn Nusayr arrives with a further 18.000 men from Africa and conquers Medina, Sidônia and Seville
713 Mértola is conquered by Musa's son Abd Alaziz along with most of the major towns in the southern part of the Peninsular
713 Beja, Huelva, Mérida and Ossónoba (Faro) falls to invading Omayyad army
713 Muse ibn Nusair takes Toledo and makes it his capital
714 Moor army led by Abd al-Alaziz occupies Coimbra, Évora and Santarém
714 Lisbon surrenders without a fight to Umayyad army
714 Umayyad forces invade southwards from Galicia into Chaves in a "pincer" movement
714 Most of the Iberian Peninsular had been conquered by the Moors
714 Lisbon surrenders without fighting to Moor invading army
714 Muse Ibn Nusair dies and is replaced by his son al-Aziz Abd
714 Moor forces led by Musa enter via Chaves northern Portugal and take Vila Real and Viseu
715 Calip Sulayman ibn al-Malik assassinated Abd al-Alaziz and sends Musa ibn Nusayr into exile in Yemen
714 Umayyad rulers show tolerance to both Christian and Jewish faiths and pass over control of some smaller towns to pro-Moor of the former faith
715 Abd al-Alaziz marries Roderic's widow and makes Seville his capital
716 Lisbon captured by Moor invaders
716 Abd al-Alaziz Abd is murdered by Abd al-Rahman
717 Córdoba is made capital of Al-Andalusia
718 Count Pelayo establishes Kingdom of Asturias and this is the beginning of the period known as the "Reconquista"
721 Duke of Acquitaine defeats the Moors at Tolosa
722 Battle of Covadonga - The Christian Count Pelayo defeats the Moors in battle and the Kingdom of Asturias is created
732 Moors invade France an are only stopped at Poitiers by Charles Martel
737 Count Pelayo dies and his son Favila inherits his kingdom
739 Cout Pelayo's son-in-law Alfonso becomes King of Asturias
740 Berber revolt in North Africa against Umayyad overlords spreads into the Iberian Peninsular
741 Berber tribes revolt throughout the Peninsular but is put down by ibn-Bishr with reinforcements from Syria - tribes from Eygpt settle in the Alentejo area after taking control
750 The Caliph in Damascus is assassinated and control passes to Abbasid Tribe
750 Drought creates famine and disease in all the Peninsular (750-755)
753 Galicia army led by Alfonso from Cantabria march southwards to as far as Porto and Viseu
755 Moor forces march into Galicia but are forced to retreat
755 Rebel Umayyad Prince Abd al-Rahman flees to Iberia Peninsular to escape Abbasid persecution of his tribe
756 Abd al-Rahman defeats Yusuf al-Fihriand becomes head of Al-Andulus Muslims and makes Córdoba is capital (756-788)
756 Abd al-Raman defeats Yusuf al-Fihriand becomes head of Al-Andulus Muslims and makes Córdoba his capital
756 Abd al Rahman I proclaims Independence of Córdoba (Caliphate Period 756-1031)
763 Abd al-Rahman I defeats an Abbasid inspired revolt led by governer of Beja
766 Abd al-Rahman I defeats a new revolt within his kingdom
768 Aurelio becomes King of Asturias
768 A Berber reformer mounts a new revolt and captures central Iberia and occupies Mérida and towns to the north of the River Tagus - the new division between the Christian and Moor kingdoms is effectively created by the River Tagus
774 Silo becomes King of Asturias
777 The Berber reformer is eventually defeated
783 Mauregato (illegitimate son of Alfonso I) becomes King of Asturias
788 Death of Abd al-Rahman I succeeded by Hisham I (788-796)
788 Bermudo I becomes King of Asturias
791 Another Moor expedition into Galicia with its army having some successes in battle
791 Alfonso II, King of the Asturias, captures lands south of River Douro and makes Oveido his Christian capital
794 Battle of Lutos - Asturian army defeats Muslims
795 Dom Alfonso II of Galicia marches south as far as Lisbon but returns home without controlling the conquered lands due to a lack of men and supplies
796 al-Haquem I becomes Caliph of Córdoba (796-822)
798 Alfonso II takes Lisbon but fails in achieving its occupation
9th C. --
800 General revolt of the people against occupation by the Moors which is bloodily suppressed (800-810)
809 Umayyad army retake Lisbon from Tumlus - a rebel Moor who took control of the town
813 Tomb of St. James supposedly found at Santiago de Compostela (Spain)
813 The cult of Christian faith for Saint James unites the various northern petty kingdoms
822 Abd al-Rahman II becomes Umayyad Emir of Córdoba (822-852)
825 Moor army fails to capture Coimbra and Viseu
830 Relics of St James are claimed to be uncovered in Compostela - it is promoted as a site for Christian pilgrimage
840 Moors have control of both Coimbra and Viseu
840 Norman Vikings raid Beja and Algarve coast
842 Ramiro I becomes King of Asturias
844 Norman Viking raids on Galicia and Lisbon, Beja, coastal Algarve, and also Seville
844 Battle of Clavijo - legendary fight between Christians and Moors won by the Christian army helped by a vision of Saint James charging through their ranks
850 Ordonho I becomes King of Asturias
852 Muhammad I becomes Emir of Córdoba (852-886)
859 Norman raids on coastal Algarve and Beja
859 Battle of Albelda - Ordonho I defeats Musa ibn Musa
866 Alfonso III becomes King of Asturias and initiates repopulation of Coimbra, Lamego, Porto and Viseu
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3rd Period Germanic Kingdoms (5th Century BC to 7th Century AD)
5th Period First County of Portugal (9th Century to 11th Century)
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  NOTE
The above was compiled by Michael Tannock from published information in the Portuguese language. While every care was taken in obtaining the above facts some conflicting dates, information and spelling were encountered. In such cases, our own discretion was used in choosing which facts to publish.




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